Samurai were highly skilled and disciplined warriors of medieval and early modern Japan. They served as the military nobility and officer caste from the 12th century until the abolition of the feudal system in the late 19th century. Known for their honor, loyalty, and martial expertise, they followed a strict ethical code known as Bushido, or "The Way of the Warrior," which emphasized virtues such as courage, respect, honesty, and self-discipline. Samurai were often depicted wearing armor and wielding a katana, their iconic curved sword, which symbolized their status and skill. In addition to their combat abilities, many samurai were well-educated, engaging in poetry, calligraphy, and other arts. They played a significant role in shaping Japanese culture and history.